Choleoeimeria pogonae Alters the Bile Acid Composition of the Central Bearded Dragon (Pogona vitticeps)
The coccidian parasite Choleoeimeria pogonae infests the biliary ducts and gallbladder of the central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps). Endogenous C. pogonae development occurs in the epithelium of the gallbladder and bile ducts, leading to significant tissue injury. To determine whether bile composition in the gallbladder was disrupted by the parasite, bile samples were collected from one normal and one C. pogonae–infected central bearded dragon. Bile acid species were identified and quantified with liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Tauroallochoic acid was the predominant bile acid (82.2%) in the normal bearded dragon, whereas the deconjugated allocholic acid was the predominant bile acid (40.1%) in the bearded dragon with C. pogonae. Taurine conjugation inhibits calcium precipitation in bile and bile acid–mediated ductal epithelial cytotoxicity. The shift in bile acid content identified in the C. pogonae infected bearded dragon may contribute to cholelithiasis and mucosal damage.Abstract
Bile acid composition from a normal bearded dragon. Bile was collected from the gallbladder of a normal bearded dragon via ultrasound guided cholecystocentesis. The predominant bile acid in the normal bearded dragon bile was tauroallochoic acid (82.2%). This was followed by taurodeoxycholic acid (5.7%), allocholic acid (4.7%), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (4.2%), and taurocholic acid (1.7%).
Bile acid composition from a bearded dragon infected with Choleoeimeria pogonae. Bile was collected from the gallbladder via ultrasound guided cholecystocentesis. The bile had a dramatic reduction in the relative percentage of the taurine conjugated allocholic acid, shifting the predominant bile acid to allocholic acid (40.1%), followed by tauroallochoic acid (36.7%), taurodeoxycholic acid (17.7%), and taurochenodeoxycholic acid (2.7%).
